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What Is a TFT LCD?

TFT LCD Display: How Does TFT Display Technology Work?

TFT LCD (Thin-Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) technology has a sandwich-like structure, with liquid crystal material filled between two glass plates. Two polarizing filters, a color filter (RGB, Red/Green/Blue), and two alignment layers precisely determine the amount of light allowed through and the color produced. Each pixel in the active matrix is paired with a transistor, which includes a capacitor, allowing each subpixel to retain its charge rather than needing the charge to be sent each time a change is required. The TFT layer controls the flow of light, while the color filter displays the colors, and the top layer houses the visible screen. By using a charge, the liquid crystal material changes its molecular structure, thereby allowing various wavelengths of backlight to "pass through". The active matrix of the TFT display continually changes, refreshing rapidly based on input signals from the control device. The pixels of a TFT display are determined by the color matrix and the underlying density (resolution) of the TFT layout. The more pixels there are, the more details are available. Screen size, power consumption, resolution, and interface (how it connects) define a TFT display. A TFT screen itself does not emit light like an OLED display; it must be used with a backlight of bright white light to generate images. Newer panels use LED backlighting (light-emitting diodes) to produce light, thus consuming less power and requiring less design depth. A TFT display module includes a TFT display screen, LED backlight, and driving circuitry.


What Is a TFT LCD?

TFT LCD Display: Advantages and Uses of TFT

Compared to other types of displays (CRT, plasma), TFT LCDs have several advantages. They are lightweight, thin, and energy-efficient, making mobile phones, laptops, wall-mounted LCD TVs, tablet monitors, and other handheld devices possible. TFT LCDs are also relatively inexpensive, which has made them dominant in the display field. When we refer to LCD types, we mean two types of LCDs: active TFT color displays and passive monochrome displays. Before the invention of TFT displays, the world used passive matrix LCDs for many years. Passive matrix LCDs could only be used for monochrome displays such as calculators, watches, thermostats, utility meters, etc. Thanks to TFT LCDs, the world is more colorful.

TFT LCD Display: New TFT Technology

There used to be issues with viewing angles and slow response times. Thanks to new TFT LCD screen technology and the use of IPS displays (In-Plane Switching), we do not see these kinds of problems in the market. For future developments, TFT LCDs are becoming larger (Samsung showed a 19-inch at CES'146), have higher resolutions (8K 7680×4320 pixels), are fast enough for gaming, have wide viewing angles suitable up to 170 degrees, contrast ratios high enough for the most demanding avionics computer displays, image quality suitable for most critical medical operation displays, and combine with PCAP (Capacitive Touchscreen).


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